TUBERCULOSIS DISEASE IN INDONESIA
TB disease is a disease that is categorized in infections caused by bacteria Mikobakterium tuberculosis. TB disease can strike at a...
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Corruption fighters from around the globe are gathering December 6 to 8 at the World Bank in Washington, DC, to up the ante on fraud in development projects – part of an effort to halt practices that cause $20-40 billion to be stolen each year from developing countries.
In the first meeting of its kind, more than 200 members of the International Corruption Hunters Alliance from 134 countries aim to create an international enforcement regime to track and resolve bribery and fraud cases that reach beyond borders to affect more than one country.
Major goals include increasing the number of corruption cases prosecuted in both developing and wealthy countries, and resolving cases so that settlements – and liability findings – are comprehensive and multijurisdictional.
The meeting, supported by the governments of Australia, Norway and Denmark and convened by the World Bank, will also discuss best practices for sharing information and monitoring enforcement.
It takes place as the World Bank increases its own efforts to root out corruption – seen as one of the greatest obstacles to economic and social development in low-income countries.
In the last two years, the Bank has increased its debarments five-fold and has become a primary backer of the Stolen Asset Recovery (StAR) initiative to repatriate stolen funds to developing countries.
“When people steal, defraud or corrupt public money, they must be investigated and prosecuted,” said World Bank Group President Robert Zoellick.
“Together with the alliance, we aim to sharpen foresight, to better anticipate fraud and corruption risks in the decade, particularly in the challenging contexts where the World Bank operates.”
Firms Banned Under Cross-Debarment Agreement
The Corruption Hunters meeting comes on the heels of the World Bank’s announcement last week debarring 14 firms from doing business in projects it finances: two that had been working on World Bank-financed projects in Africa and Albania, and 12 that had previously been debarred by the Asian Development Bank, one of the partners in the Cross-Debarment agreement signed last April.
The decision marked the first time the World Bank cross-debarred firms that have engaged in fraud related to another multilateral development bank’s projects under the new global enforcement agreement . Under the agreement, the World Bank and other multilateral development banks have agreed to enhance information-sharing, harmonize sanctionable practices and step up enforcement action to ensure development resources do not end in the wrong pockets and are used for their intended purposes.
The World Bank, recently ranked as the most transparent donor among 30 major donors by a coalition of civil society organizations, has debarred 58 firms in the last two years, compared with 9 the previous two years. Debarments have included high-profile cases involving the UK publisher Macmillan Ltd and Siemens AG, which has agreed to pay $100 million for anti-corruption initiatives worldwide as part of the settlement with the World Bank.
Seeking Better Enforcement
At the meeting this week, anticorruption officials from six regions will join authorities from countries that have prosecuted bribe payers, private sector representatives, and members of international organizations such as the United Nations, Interpol, Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), andTransparency International to set priorities and define the next level of anti-corruption action.
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Assertiveness laws in a country is very instrumental in the eradication and the fight against HIV disease progression in the country. required a strict legal device that prohibits commercial sex workers who already have HIV for no longer working. This must be done because of the nature of the basic behavior of the consumers of commercial sex workers who tend to try the other sex workers after they had sexual intercourse with a commercial sex workers, this behavior is very instrumental in the development of HIV disease in a country. Therefore it is necessary to break transmission path by attracting commercial sex workers who already have HIV from her world. sometimes commercial sex workers who are in prostitution in complex environments, remain in force by pimps to keep working despite being HIV-positive. Therefore, it is sometimes necessary to force the withdrawal of commercial sex workers with HIV and decisive action on the pimps who still employ them, this is where the law required a clear, strong and firm to handle the problem. -
Go with the team to visit Central Java, Indonesia, to see the eruption of Merapi disaster victims. Many things must be done to improve the structure of life in the disaster areas, from health issues to economic issues. After the formation of working teams in order to make the program work in the disaster area, I went to visit the city of Semarang to see the development of humanitarian hospital project in Demak and Kendal. In Semarang also met with Dr. Bambang, a doctor at once a scientist who did a lot of struggle to fight HIV disease, especially among commercial sex workers. Together with Dr. Bambang, I went to visit the HIV clinic located in a complex of prostitution. I feel very sad to see the condition of the clinic, the clinic does not have adequate means and facilities to fight HIV. The clinic storage warehouse stocks of medicines, medical equipment, and condoms look's very alarming, as well as laboratory facilities, to facilities refrigerator to store blood samples, they using very simple refrigerator that usually used in small restaurants . I also conduct interviews with commercial sex workers who are in prostitution complex, one of a very sad thing is the commercial sex workers who already have HIV is still working to serve customers, it is certainly very dangerous for the spread of HIV in Indonesia, and can increase HIV prevalence more higher. I said and appealed to Dr. Bambang as head of the clinic to asked to the all leaders asylums prostitution to withdraw all their commercial sex workers who already have HIV. because they have made an unbroken line to prevent the spread of HIV in Indonesia. A very ironic reasons expressed by the commercial sex workers, they said that they continue to serve customers even they have HIV because of the pressure factor of economic needs, if they have to stop selling a service, meaning they will not earn money, while they must support and meet family needs. due to reasons and explanations that I immediately asked the team to form a working team and to design job training programs and planning to provide working capital for the commercial sex workers are drawn from prostitution complex, so they also continue to finance the family's life. -
Traveled to several regions in Indonesia to explore and research in order to implement the humanitarian program and to developt humanitarian hospitals in several regions in Indonesia. I met some doctors and local community organizations, to discuss the issues raised in these areas, the programs have been implemented, the programs work to be carried out, and the constraints that occur in implementing the programs .
In the meeting there were some interesting things that become obstacles in executing the work programs, for example, is bureaucratic problems that occur. There is a community organization that is led by an obstetrician, who is very interested in tackling the problem of the spread of HIV in mothers and children, they also deal with people with AIDS. There are big obstacles they face in running their programs, particularly funding issues, they have tried to request funding to AIDS organizations that already exist in their areas, but they collided with the problem of bureaucracy and regulations that apply in institutions , so that they can not get financial assistance to support their work program. This certainly sounds very alarming because they make work program is very nice to be implemented but should be stopped only because of bureaucratic problems.
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To realize its humanitarian program in Indonesia, we created several programs that will work we carried out and implemented in Indonesia.
Providing Medical Facilities
We ain to provide a range of different medical facilities ranging from the larger mainstream buildings to a variety of smaller facilities in order to take care of the needs of the community from their regular non emergency needs and services through to the emergencies that occur within any large metropolitan city area.
1.Provision of large hospital buildings
2.Smaller local community general clinics
3.Specialist treatment centres and clinics
4.Local GP (General Practitioner) offices
5.Mobile clinics designed for local needs
6.Links to other facilities within Indonesia
Hospital Buildings
Hospitals come in a wide variety of different types. Many are large general hospitals that are designed to cater for large numbers of patients across a very wide range of needs, including the needs of the long term sick and disabled as well as providing
Providing Medical Facilities
We will design building to meet the various needs. We will include a number of specialist hospitals that will be custom designed to meet specialist needs. This will be part of the feasibility study to determine the specialist needs most likely to benefit the region.
Providing Medical Equipment
We will also make sure that the equipment provided to each hospital is state of the art and designed to meet the needs it was designed for. We will also ensure that there is an ongoing program to maintain and upgrade equipment so that all patients can always receive premium quality treatment.
General Practitioner System
We will provide a system of free registration so that every single person has a registered local doctor to whom they can go in the event of any regular medical needs that do not constitute an emergency. The GP will be trained as a General Medical Practitioner so that they can deal with most issues. In the event of specialist needs, then the GP can refer the patient to the appropriate medical specialist at one of the major hospitals.To achieve this, local GP’s will keep good records to ensure they have the patients history to ensure the highest quality of care is given and where needed, the patient information can be provided to the hospital and medical professionals when the patient is referred for specialist treatment.
Disaster Management System
The region is beset by a frequent number of so called ‘natural’ disasters. We will thus put into operation a number of key plans to ensure the smooth functioning and management of the new metropolis during and after any such events. We have a system still being developed to handle and be prepared for these events with equipment already in place to meet the needs of the people who are affected by such a catastrophe.
The way that we will meet this need is by setting up a special warehouse that will be filled with all the equipment we envisage we will need to handle a given disaster. We will ensure that there are provisions along with transport especially designed for working with a disaster zone and also have trained personnel so that we can utilise the equipment. There will be systems in place so that we can immediately go to work and everything will be administered from our emergency HQ at a safe location within the region.
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